Perspectiva de castigo y deshumanización en conductas COVID-19
Autor
Hernández Brito, SandraFecha
2021Resumen
En esta investigación, se trató ver la opinión de las personas cuando un individuo
realizaba una conducta inmoral relacionada con el COVID-19 y dependiendo de si esta
era una persona cercana o desconocida para el participante, este tendería a castigarla de
manera diferente además de deshumanizar en mayor o menor medida. Por ello, se estudió
la reacción de los sujetos al plantearles diversas situaciones las cuales podían ser
realizadas por una persona desconocida o por el contrario, por un miembro de su familia
cercana. Además, debían juzgar el tipo de castigo a imponer y el grado de
deshumanización aplicada. En la investigación participaron 50 personas, 25 para cada
condición experimental. Principalmente, se utilizaron dos cuestionarios cerrados, uno
donde la persona infractora es desconocida y otro donde el infractor era un miembro de
la familia cercana. En ellas, se encontraban escalas de medición de características
únicamente humanas y de naturaleza humana y escalas para medir el tipo de castigo a
imponer (castigar, recriminar personalmente y sancionar económicamente). Como
conclusiones encontradas, se pudo observar que a la hora de querer imponer un castigo
más severo y en cuanto a querer deshumanizar en mayor medida a un infractor por
cometer una conducta anti-covid, los resultados fueron significativos cuando la conducta
realizada era percibida como más grave, sin embargo, no lo fue en cuanto al tipo de
infractor. In this research, we tried to see the opinion of people when an individual
performed an immoral behavior related to COVID-19 and depending on whether this was
a person close or unknown to the participant, he/she would tend to punish it differently
as well as dehumanize to a greater or lesser extent. Therefore, the reaction of the subjects
was studied when they were presented with different situations which could be carried
out by an unknown person or, on the contrary, by a member of their close family. In
addition, they had to judge the type of punishment to be imposed and the degree of
dehumanization applied. Fifty people participated in the research, 25 for each
experimental condition. Mainly, two closed questionnaires were used, one where the
offending person is unknown and the other where the offender was a member of the close
family. In them, there were scales for measuring uniquely human characteristics and
human nature and scales for measuring the type of punishment to impose (punish,
personal reprimand and economic sanction). As conclusions, it was observed that when
it came to wanting to impose a more severe punishment and to dehumanize an offender
to a greater extent for committing an anti-covid behavior, the results were significant
when the behavior was perceived as more serious; however, this was not the case with
regard to the type of offender.