Nickel-induced reduced graphene oxide nanoribbon formation on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite for electronic and magnetic applications.

Abstract

The development of nanoribbon-like structures is an effective strategy to harness the potential benefits of graphenic materials due to their excellent electrical properties, advantageous edge sites, rapid electron transport, and large specific area. Herein, parallel and connected magnetic nanostructured nanoribbons are obtained through the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using NiCl2 as a precursor with potential applications in nascent electronic and magnetic devices. Several analytical techniques have been used for the thorough characterization of the modified surfaces. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) shows the characteristic topographical features of the nanoribbons. While X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy provided information on the chemical state of Ni and graphene-like structures, magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPFM) confirmed the preferential concentration of Ni onto rGO nanoribbons. These results indicate that the synthesized material shows 1D ordering of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs)-decorating tiny rGO flakes into thin threads and the subsequent 2D arrangement of the latter into parallel ribbons following the topography of the HOPG basal plane.