RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Integrating pressure sensor control into semi-solid extrusion 3D printing to optimize medicine manufacturing A1 Díaz-Torres, E. A1 Rodríguez-Pombo, L. A1 Ong, Jun Jie A1 Basit, Abdul W. A1 Santoveña Estévez, Ana María A1 Fariña, José B. A1 Alvarez-Lorenzo, Carmen A1 Goyanes, Alvaro A2 Ingeniería Química y Tecnología Farmacéutica A2 Grupo de invetsigación: Desarrollo galénico de medicamentos K1 Ink characterization K1 Rheology K1 Printing formulations and drug products K1 Process analytical technology (PAT) K1 Paediatric formulations K1 Direct ink writing of medicines K1 3D printed pharmaceuticals and drug delivery systems AB Semi-solid extrusion (SSE) is a three-dimensional printing (3DP) process that involves the extrusion of a gel or paste-like material via a syringe-based printhead to create the desired object. In pharmaceuticals, SSE 3DP has already been used to manufacture formulations for human clinical studies. To further support its clinical adoption, the use of a pressure sensor may provide information on the printability of the feedstock material in situ and under the exact printing conditions for quality control purposes. This study aimed to integrate a pressure sensor in an SSE pharmaceutical 3D printer for both material characterization and as a process analytical technology (PAT) to monitor the printing process. In this study, three materials of different consistency were tested (soft vaseline, gel-like mass and paste-like mass) under 12 different conditions, by changing flow rate, temperature, or nozzle diameter. The use of a pressure sensor allowed, for the first time, the characterization of rheological properties of the inks, which exhibited temperature-dependent, plastic and viscoelastic behaviours. Controlling critical material attributes and 3D printing process parameters may allow a quality by design (QbD) approach to facilitate a high-fidelity 3D printing process critical for the future of personalized medicine. SN 2590-1567 YR 2022 FD 2022 LK http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/39006 UL http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/39006 LA Español DS Repositorio institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna RD 03-ene-2025