RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Navigating the "Mode Effect": A comparison of online questionnaires and face-to-face Interviews A1 Díaz Pérez, Flora María A1 Fyall, Alan A1 García González, Carlos Gustavo A1 Fu, Xiaoxiao A1 Deel, Gary A2 Economía Aplicada y Métodos Cuantitativos A2 Turismo: Competitividad y Sostenibilidad (TCS) K1 multi-mode survey K1 "mode effect" K1 accommodation K1 national and state parks K1 CHAID algorithm AB From a methodological perspective, the "mode effect," which refers to the phenomenonwhere different survey methods can yield different responses despite asking the samequestions, presents a significant contemporary challenge. Existing solutions suggested inthe literature, such as the implementation of multi-mode surveys, have their drawbacksas they may introduce bias that could impact respondent behavior. This study aims toidentify distinct visitor segments within two large populations, assessing their pattems ofvisitation to both national and state parks. Additionally, we aim to evaluate the presenceofthe "mode effect" when concurrently conducting face-to-face and online surveys. Theprimary contribution of this research lies in confirming the persistence of the "modeeffect," even when employing the same questionnaire for the same tourism product,during the same time frame, but among different populations. Furthermore, we proposevarious strategies to mitigate the "mode effect." SN 2405-8440 YR 2025 FD 2025 LK http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/40768 UL http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/40768 LA en DS Repositorio institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna RD 24-abr-2025